Neuraminidase

Neuraminidase

Neuraminidases (NA, sialidases, EC 3.2.1.18) cleave terminal sialic acid residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids. These enzymes are expressed in some viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi, and are ubiquitous in the deuterostomate branch of the Metazoa. Neuraminidases have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenicity of certain microorganisms, particularly, when enhanced expression of neuraminidases coincides with higher infectivity or when the severity of an infection is correlated with elevated concentrations of free N-acetylneuraminic acid[. Furthermore, NA has been demonstrated to promote virus invasion into airways through the removal of decoy receptors on mucins, cilia, and cellular glycocalyx, physiologically impeding virus access to target cells. Influenza represents a major public health threat worldwide. And neuraminidase inhibitors represent an important measure to reduce the risk of influenza-related complications among high-risk patients developing influenza infection.

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More About Neuraminidase

Neuraminidases (NA, sialidases, EC 3.2.1.18) cleave terminal sialic acid residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids. These enzymes are expressed in some viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi, and are ubiquitous in the deuterostomate branch of the Metazoa. Neuraminidases have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenicity of certain microorganisms, particularly, when enhanced expression of neuraminidases coincides with higher infectivity or when the severity of an infection is correlated with elevated concentrations of free N-acetylneuraminic acid[[1]. Furthermore, NA has been demonstrated to promote virus invasion into airways through the removal of decoy receptors on mucins, cilia, and cellular glycocalyx, physiologically impeding virus access to target cells. Influenza represents a major public health threat worldwide. And neuraminidase inhibitors represent an important measure to reduce the risk of influenza-related complications among high-risk patients developing influenza infection[2].

[1] B Rothe et al. The sialidase gene from Clostridium septicum: cloning, sequencing, expression in Escherichia coli and identification of conserved sequences in sialidases and other proteins. Mol Gen Genet. 1991 Apr;226(1-2):190-7.
[2] M Bassetti et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors as a strategy for influenza treatment: pros, cons and future perspectives. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2019 Oct;20(14):1711-1718.
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